COMPUTER APPLICATION AND IT

Computer applications and IT field encompasses activities including design, development and analysis of programming languages, computer applications and computer hardware which are used in various domains including business operations, calculations , data storage, and research etc..Information technology is the use of computers to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data, or information.

Education requirement –12^th non medical or 12^th any stream with mathematics or computer science or B tech diploma in computer science/EEC after 10

What are the various job roles in Computer Application?

Software Developer

Software developer will be involved in creating computer programs which perform various tasks. It includes planning and designing of software, coding, testing, debugging and maintenance.

Information Systems Manager

Information system managers are involved in the process of implementing information technology and oversee IT professionals in the organisation. Their role encompasses different tasks including installations,information system planning and maintaining of hardwares and softwares etc.

Network Manager

A network manager is responsible for installing and maintaining the company's computer networks, and also for training staff to provide first rate technical support.

App Developer

Application developer is someone who creates, tests and programs applications software for computers and mobile phones.

Web Developer

A web developer specialises in designing and creating websites and webpages by using languages like HTML, CSS,JAVA, PYTHON etc.

Cyber Security

Cyber Security officers check and analyse the vulnerabilities in cyber system for the possibilities of hacking and other cyber crimes. They take remedial actions against possible cyber attacks.

Main Admission/Entrance exams

An insightful session for students of classes X and XII by esteemed Vice Principal, Ms. Navpreet Kaur Bhattal, on the importance of discipline and good behaviour in shaping a positive school environment.Through engaging discussions, she emphasized how discipline is not just about rules but a pathway to self-growth, respect, and success. She encouraged students to take responsibility for their actions,be mindful of their words, and contribute to a harmonious school culture.

Career Insight-Flavor Chemistry

Flavor Chemists are also known as ‘flavorists’. Food processing keeps the foods we eat safe and makes them last longer. What you might not know is that food processing also removes natural flavors. As of result of this flavor loss, the flavor industry was born. The flavor industry is a multi-billion dollar industry that employs a very unique career..flavorists.. Flavorists are graduated in various streams such as chemistry, biology, food science etc. In food-related companies, Flavours that are created by flavourists are used in foods, beverages, medications, toothpastes, lip balms, nutritional supplement, pet foods, and more. It’s a big business that most people don’t know exists.

Career Opportunities in Flavour Chemistry

• Food Industry
• Pharmaceutical Industry
• Research
• Cosmetics Industry 
• Academics

TOP FLAVOUR CHEMISTRY INSTITUTES IN INDIA

Solving English Reading Comprehension has become an inevitable part of almost every competitive examination. Often students feel they are not efficient in solving Reading Comprehension, because of these three factors.

• Vocabulary in the comprehension.

• Difficulty in understanding the meaning of the questions.

• Time factor.

The question that linger in every aspirant’s mind is “How to improve Reading comprehension?”There are some Reading Comprehension strategies to follow, to get more marks in Reading Comprehension.

First thing is that you don’t need to understand each and every word of the comprehension. At the same time, you should find the gist (summary) of it.Both these points above may appear contradictoryBut the crucial thing is, you need to focus on keywords.

QP approach(questions first, then the passage)

you can choose the “bottom up” approach. That means, read the questions first, so that you have an idea what to look for, in the comprehension.

“I know all the answers, but I didn’t have enough time to solve” examinations not only test your knowledge and skills but your Time Management also. All the three aspects are important,

• Knowledge

• Skills (writing, reading)

• Time Management

Divide the stipulated time of the examination, allot certain time to each section, based on your strengths and weaknesses. Practice numerous reading comprehension exercises with the help of a timer. After solving some, you definitely have an idea, about Time Management. /p>

Improve Your Vocabulary

Why you need to improve your vocabulary? Vocabulary means knowledge of words (meaning of words).If you do not have a good vocabulary, you have to stop at every new word in the reading comprehension, and be puzzled.Having a good vocabulary, makes you understand the reading Comprehension much easier.

Use a pen while reading

Do not read the Reading Comprehension like a movie novel. While going through the passage, your three body organs should act in collaboration.

• Eyes

• Hand

• Brain

Make a habit of finding valuable keywords quickly and underline those keywords with a pen (If the rules permit, otherwise use a dark pencil).

Or

So, if at all you have to read the Comprehension again you can go only through keywords, and not through all the junk.

Comeback Later

When we don’t find an answer to a particular question, we usually tell ourselves “Okay, I will come back to it later”.This may be a good strategy to save time While leaving the difficult questions and solving the easier ones.But before going to another question just do one thing.Take your pencil and make a circle on your choice, which you feel correct at the present moment.

Because when you come back to the question, you would have forgotten the Comprehension itself. So you have to read it again from the beginning. If the time permits, it’s won’t be a problem, but if you don’t have enough time you can choose the earlier marked answer.

Focus

It is not unusual for any person to wander somewhere while reading something uninteresting. So, when you find the Comprehension dull, difficult and uninteresting, your eyes run through the sentences, but your mind wanders somewhere else. The result.....you complete reading, but you grasp nothing.

Focus on the content. Don’t let your mind go away from there.

Improve reading Speed

Do not move your lips while reading, it slows you down.If a question asks about a particular line, don’t go back in to the passage and read just that line. A good rule of thumb is to read at least 2 sentences before and after the line in question. This will give you an idea of where the point started and where the author is going with i.

Also try to write your answers in active voice except in case paragraph is about any scientific study.

• First sentence of each paragraph–

The first sentence of a paragraph usually introduces the central thought of the paragraph. It tells you what the paragraph is about. However, in some texts, the first sentence is more of an attention getter. If this case, you'll need to read the first and second sentence of each paragraph. This exercise alone will provide you a very good idea of what the entire chapter is about and the major themes to look for as you read.

Expertise in comprehending paragraph comes through practice, do practice few comprehension using above tips just do not experiment in exams. All the best.

CAREER AS A STATICIAN

About the course:

Statistics is a field concerned with the collection, analysis, interpretation and presentation of numerical data. Statisticians use data to solve problems for different organizations. A student who pursues statistics learns about both pure statistics like probability theory, statistical methodology, stochastic processes, statistical inference, operational research, bio statistics, etc., and also the application of these statistical concepts. Statisticians are uniquely qualified to help both the public and private in order to prepare, organize and analyse their respective data.

Work Description 

Statistician's job is to plan and conduct the trials and inspections, and deal with the first collection of data. They operate and examine the data in various situations, finding patterns to help draw conclusions.

Typical work activities include

• Discussing with clients and agreeing what and how to gather data, considering any legal and moral parameters
• Designing experiments, inspections to develop the needed data
• Gathering and examining the data collated
• Apply statistical tools and techniques to solve business problems
• Analyzing and compiling data and ensuring that the correct conclusions are drawn based on the outcomes
• Presenting results to senior members/ clients
• Recommending policy-makers on important decisions based on results drawn

How to Pursue a Career 

NOTE

• Mathematics is a compulsory subject in Class 12th
• Some universities demand minimum 55% criteria in PCM in class 12th along with good rank in their respective entrance exams.

Statistics Entrance Exams

Leading Institutes

Institutes in India

Criminology Courses

This term refers to scientifically studying the nature, causes, control and extent of criminal behavior. Such a behavior can be both of an individual or society. It is an interdisciplinary branch of the behavioral science, which is dealt, mainly, by the sociologists, psychiatrists and psychologists. The social anthropologists and the lawyers often get involved in this field as well. This is a research based subject, where the research areas include the forms, incidence, causes as well as results of a committed crime.

The different governmental and social regulations and the reaction towards any crime are even included within the purview of its area of research. The subject relies on the different quantitative methods for the study of the cause and distribution of crimes. In the year 1885, this term was coined as "Criminologia" by RaffaeleGarofalo, a famous law professor from Italy. However, after sometime, it was used as "Criminologie" by Paul Topinard, a renowned French anthropologist.

Current Scenario of Criminology Courses in India

In the present social scenario, this field has come forward as a challenging profession to the youths of this nation. Since, it deals with the cause and prevention of crime, the different courses related to this, help one in gaining knowledge about effectively identifying those causes and preventing measures. Nowadays, this is among the promising career options in the Republic of India. Students, who aspire to be a criminologist, need to have either a professional certificate or degree of criminology. Post acquiring such a degree, one can work as any of the following professionals:

• Crime investigators

• Crime laboratory analyst

• Crime scene analyst

• F.B.I. agents

• Forensic engineer

• Forensic surgeon

• Police officers

• Private detectives

Several professional institutions of the Indian Republic, nowadays, offer different courses on criminology and forensic science, which is a part of this field of study. Such courses are studied at both undergraduate and post graduate level. Some colleges even offer a doctoral degree of Ph. D. on this subject. Listed below are some of the popular most criminology courses offered by the various institutes, which are located at different parts of the country:

• Bachelor's degree in criminology

• Certificate course in criminology

• Diploma course in criminology

• Master's degree in criminology

• Post graduate or P.G. diploma in criminology .

Major Criminology Examinations in India

A candidate, who wishes to enroll him or herself in any of the above mentioned criminology courses are required to have qualified in the entrance examinations conducted by the respective institute, where one seeks admission.

The names of some of the popular criminology entrance examinations, which are conducted in different parts of the nation, are:

• B.H.U. or Banaras Hindu University M.Sc. or Master of Science Entrance Examination

• Bundelkhand University Master of Science Entrance Examination

• Common Entrance Test or C.E.T. for P.G. Diploma Courses

• Delhi University or D.U. Master of Science Entrance Examination

• Dr. Hari Singh GourVishwavidyalaya P.G. Entrance Test

• Karnataka University M.A. or Master of Arts in Criminology Entrance Examination

• National Law University's or N.L.U.'s National Entrance Test

• Osmania University M.Sc. Entrance Examination

• Punjabi University M.Sc. Criminology Entrance Examination

•M.U. or University of Madras Master of Arts Criminology Entrance Examination

Top Criminology Colleges in India

The Republic of India houses numerous colleges and institutions that are known for offering varied criminology courses. The below mentioned table provides the names along with the basic details about some of the reputed criminology institutions of India:

Cost & Management Accountancy/CW

A business organization can grow well if it has a strong accounts department. Moreover, it is the accounts department which can draw up a good resource utilization program and cost saving mechanism so that the profit margin of the company can be increased. Cost and management accountancy in particular is one subject which deals with this problem and helps in evaluating and managing costs.

Cost Accountants of India

The Institute of Cost Accountants of India (ICAI) which was formerly known as Institute of Cost and Works Accountants of India (ICWAI) is the only professional body specialized in the field of Cost and Management Accountancy in India aims at imparting coaching and training in the subject of Cost & Management Accountancy.

Professional Courses

Cost and management accountancy can be pursued after 10+2. The course comprises of three stages:-Foundation, Intermediate and Final. The minimum age for enrollment is 17 years.

1. FOUNDATION: Candidates who have passed senior secondary under 10+2 scheme in any disciplineshall pass a Foundation Course Examination to become eligible as a student for IntermediateExamination. The Foundation Course has the following subjects.

o Business Fundamentals and Economics

o Management and Organization

o Basic Mathematics and Statistics

o Commercial Laws

2. INTERMEDIATE: Candidates who have completed graduation in any discipline or those who havecleared the Foundation Examination are eligible for registration for the Intermediate Examination. Itis obligatory for registered students to undergo either postal or oral tuition imparted by the Institutebefore appearing for the Intermediate or Final Examinations. The following are the subjects in the Intermediate Examination.

GROUP I :

o Financial Accounting

o Cost Accounting

o Corporate Laws and Secretarial Practice

o Direct Taxation

GROUP II :

o Cost and Management Accounting

o Auditing

o Indirect Taxation

o Quantitative Methods

3. FINAL: After clearing the Intermediate Examination, students are eligible to appear for the final examination. The subjects in the Final Examination are

GROUP I :

o Advanced Financial Accounting

o Information Technology and Computer Applications

o Operations Management and Control

o Project Management and control

GROUP II :

o Advanced Management Accounting - Techniques and Applications

o Advanced Financial Management

o Advanced Management Accounting - Strategic management

o Cost Audit

Colleges, Institutions and Universities

The Institute of Cost and Works Accountants of India was given statutory recognition by the central government in the year 1959. The Institute has 4 Regional Councils at Mumbai, Calcutta, Chennai and New Delhi.

Specialization

After successfully clearing all the papers of both Intermediate and Final Examinations, students can apply for the Associate ship of the Institute. Students having practical experience of 3 years in field's of financial/cost accounting and commercial aspect of an industry can apply for the Associate ship.

Career Prospects

A qualified Cost Accountant leaves for himself, plenty of career options. The recognition granted by Central and state governments has added to their career prospects. The importance of the profession ineconomic development of the country has led to their involvement in advising the government in costand pricing policies and also in framing of tax and fiscal policies. They are treated at par with other class- I services. In organizations like Railways, Indian Army, Nationalized Banks services of Cost Accountantsare often required for costing, budgeting, auditing purposes. They can also pursue teaching in variousuniversities as Professors, Readers, and Lecturers.

Apart from the opportunities available in the government sector, Cost Accountants can also look forward to the corporate world. They can work as executers, administrators, appraisers, values, Secretarial and tax consultants, advisors etc. With advancement in career and experience, they can evenrise to top positions like Financial Auditor, Financial Advisor, Finance Director etc. .

Top 10 Courses After 12th Arts 

After passing out the 12^th standard, a student in India has various options to choose from, a career through own interested field or a career guidance after 12^th  from an expert. If you finished high school in humanities or arts stream chances are that you’ve already been looking to attain an insight into the various fields of education in the line. Perhaps, with an aim to avail education in the most suitable academic career after 12^th arts you may have been seeking career guidance after 12^th from experts in the field. How about some detailed insight into the career choices from specialists in the industry? Keeping in mind that students today require updated information  and various career options after 12^th from the changing career scenarios, here’s   such professional courses that you can choose to pursue after completion of 12^th std arts.

Fashion Design Courses

Fashion designing is one of top emerging career options after 12^th , There are various top fashion design institutes in India that offers diploma courses, graduate level courses, post graduate courses and more in apparel marketing and merchandising and it is adjudged best courses after 12th. The 12^th arts student gets to attain knowledge in garment design technology and manufacturing. These are the fashion designing courses that is mostly made for those less than 25 years of age and want to create a mark in the fashion designing industry. Some of the popular colleges that are the leaders in providing fashion design professional courses to the young minds fresh out of school are: 

• National Institute of Design (NID)
• National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT)
• Pearl Academy of Fashion (PAF)
• Symbiosis Centre of design (SID)
• Northern India Institute of Fashion Technology (NIIFT)
• SNDT Premlila Vithaldas Polytechnic  

  Event Management Courses

While choosing career after 12th arts students have access to courses in event management that provides an edge over those who do not have such a degree and also a great career options after 12^th. The training ensures students enrolling for such a certification get to know all about the insights of the field. This enables them to smoothly organize any kind of event in the country or even abroad. The institutes through their professional courses make sure that all of their students get to work at certain event management companies as intern to attain adequate experience.

• Amity Institute of Event Management
• Institute of Tourism & Future Management Trends (ITFT)
• The International Centre for Event Marketing & Management (ICEM)
• Event Management Development Institute
• International Institute of Event Management
• National Institute of Event Management (NIEM)

Foreign Language Courses

There are many MNCs coming for business in the country and essentially set up their presence in various towns across the nation. For them the language barrier can be huge and hence such organizations look for people specialized in foreign languages. Anybody whose interest field is learning and teaching the foreign language can choose it as a career options after 12^th . Most of these services require Spanish, French, Korean, Japanese, Russian speaking experts among others. The best part is that there are so many foreign language professional courses that are being taught in the country           

• School of Languages, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi
• University of Delhi, New Delhi
• Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Jawaharlal Nehru Academy of Languages, New Delhi
• Japanese Information and Cultural Centre, New Delhi
• Ram Krishna Mission, Kolkata
• Alliance Francasie, located in 15 cities of India
• Rajasthan University, Jaipur
• Max Mueller Bhavan in Mumbai, Kolkata, New Delhi and Chennai
• Pune University, Pune
• Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages, Hyderabad
• Indo Italian Chamber of Commerce, Mumbai
• Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi

Acting Courses

If you want to enter into the world of glamour and attain recognition, it’s good to join an acting course as a career options after 12^th. There is of course the need to be imaginative, a great observer and sensitive to tings around you to fit the bill of being an actor. Carving your skills through potential training with exposure to various avenues of acting like theatre and cinema is vital. The ability to join such acting training institutes depends on the requirements and qualifications of the candidate.

• FTII(Film and Television Institute of India or FTII)Pune
• CRAFT(Center for Research in Art of Film and Television)Delhi
• AAFT(Asian Academy of Film and Television)Noida
• Delhi Film Institute,Delhi
•  
• ZIMA(Zee academy of media arts)Mumbai
• NSD(National School of Drama),Delhi
• The Barry John Acting studio,Mumbai
• Actor Prepares,Mumbai,Ahmadabad and Chandigarh
• Whistling Woods International, Mumbai
• AAFT (Asian Academy of Film and Television) Noida
• Kishore NamitKapoor Acting Institute, Mumbai
• R.K Films and Media Academy, Delhi

Beautician Courses

In the world that we live in where every person wants to look beautiful, the popularity of such beauty training courses is evident as a choice of career after 12th arts. The need to look good and enhance their appearance has compelled most people to seek professional help. It has resulted in numerous beauty salons and spa’s being opened across the country and it is one of the best career guidance after 12^th

• Butic Institute of Beauty Therapy and Hair Dressing, Mumbai
• Christine Valmy International School of Esthetics, Mumbai       
• Enrich Salon and Academy, Mumbai
• L. T. A. School of Beauty, Mumbai
• Nalini Hair Academy, Mumbai
• Polytechnic for Women, Delhi
• RadionBhuvan Career Supermarket, Mumbai
• Shahnaz Husain’s Beauty Institute, Delhi, Durgapur

Dance Courses

Career in dance is an off  beat choice of a career after 12th arts, Candidates with proper training and qualification from a recognized dance school can attain a career as a choreographer, solo performer, dance troupe performer or even become a teacher in dance schools and academies . There are certain institutes that offer research fellowships on dance projects accompanied with stipends

• Banaras Hindu University, Unnao
• Gujarat University, Ahmedabad
• BharatiyaVidyaBhavan– Bangalore
• Indira Kala SangitVishwavidyalaya, Rajnandgaon
• Nalanda Dance Research Centre’s NalandaNritya Kala Mahavidyalaya, Mumbai
• MR Govt. college of Music and Dance, Vizianagaram
• GandharvaMahavidyalaya, Central Delhi
• Visva-Bharati, Kolkata
• BharathiarPalkalaikoodam, Pondicherry
• Govt.School of Music and Dance, Nizamabad
• SBR College of Music and Dance, Hyderabad
• PottiSreeramulu Telugu University, Hyderabad
• GVR Govt College of Music and Dance, Krishna
• The Maharaja Sayajirao, University of Baroda, Vadodara

Entrepreneurship Courses

Presently, an off-beat career after 12th arts choice in entrepreneurship has gained immense popularity due to stiff competition and even lack of opportunities in formal sectors. There are dozens of youth looking for career guidance after 12^th with a desire to do something different and dreams to pursue their own business venture. This course is slowly gaining popularity and education experts consider it as one of the best courses after 12^th  The reputed training institute in this field are :

• Indian Institute of Entrepreneurship, Guwahati
• Entrepreneurship & Management Processes International, Delhi
• Symbiosis University, Pune
• The Indira Gandhi National Open University, Delhi
• Amity Business School, Noida
• Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, Gandhinagar
• Seshadripuram Institute of Management Studies, Bangalore
• Kalyan Mahavidyalaya, Durg
• Indian Institute of Entrepreneurship & Management

Hotel Management Courses

If you like to serve others, then a career after 12th arts  in hospitality is certainly an option that you can avail. Such courses open the doors in hospitality industry at various levels. Qualified professionals can be absorbed in such positions. It is a part of the travel and tourism field presently in the industry. There are multiple opportunities for professionals in the sector and Hotel management considered as one of the best courses after 12th

• Welcome group Graduate School of Hotel Administration, Manipal
• Institute of Hotel Management Catering Technology and Applied Nutrition, Chennai
• Institute of Hotel Management & Catering Technology, Kovalam
• Institute of Hotel Management, Catering Technology and Applied Nutrition, Ahmedabad
• Dr. Ambedkar Institue of Hotel Management Catering and Nutrition, Chandigarh
• Institute of Hotel Management, Catering Technology & Applied Nutrition, Hyderabad
• Institute of Hotel Management Catering Technology & Applied Nutrition, Meerut
• International Institute of Hotel Management (IIHM), Kolkata

Audio Visual Media Courses

The term audio and visual is usually the culmination of both sound and vision. The use or production of these components involves the inclusion of such equipment. It is one of the best courses after 12th  inclusive of journalism, film making, media promotion, brand promotion, photography, media studies and planning

• DR.B.S.Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad
• Film and Television Institute of India, Pune
• Indian Institute of Mass Communication, Dhenkanal
• Indian Institute of Mass Communications, New Delhi
• Mass Communication Research Centre, Jamia Milla Islamia, New Delhi
• MS University, Vadodara
• National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad
• National School of Drama, New Delhi
• Rabindra Bharati University, Kolkatta
• Rupam National Institute of Electronic Communication, Jaipur
• Satyajit Ray Film and Television Institute, Kolkatta
• St.Xaviers Institute of Communication, Mumbai
• Symbiosis Institute of Mass Communication (SIMC), Pune
• University of Mysore, Mysore
• University of Rajasthan, Jaipur

Exams can be a daunting time for even the most diligent of students, not alone for those who are more inclined to procrastinate. Don’t worry the Complete Guide is here. Whether you’ve left it till the last minute or you’re ahead of the game,  these revision tips will help to ensure exam success.

Know the syllabus

What do you need to know? Perhaps the number 1 tip for exam success is  knowing what's included on the syllabus. Your teachers will have a basic set of aims and objectives they’re required to ensure their students achieve. Find out what you’re supposed to know and revise accordingly.  

Find somewhere quiet to revise

We know it sounds obvious, but revising somewhere quiet will help your concentration. It doesn’t need to be anywhere posh, your bedroom or a desk at the library will do. Your study place should have   enough light, remember good light increases your productivity –so consider a desk or floor lamp

Talk through what you've learnt

 Don’t just talk it through in the corridor 5 minutes before the exam. You’ll only get yourself into a panic , worrying about what you think you don’t know. Make time for discussion in the weeks and days leading up to the big event Revising in groups can be really useful if you work well with other people; you’ll probably find that you’re better at recalling things if you’ve spent time discussing it with others. Plus it’s more fun, and you can test each other. Also, they say that one of the best ways of learning something is to teach someone else, so if you understand something better than a classmate, teach it to them and you’ll probably find that you both end up better off!

Do past papers

If you are truly coming to your revision at the last minute, I urge you to heed this piece of advice. There is a finite number and combination of questions your department can ask you. Familiarize yourself with these via the magic that is past papers. It's rarely the case that past papers aren’t accessible – google it, go to library. When it comes to essay questions, read between the lines – you've probably seen the question before, its just been worded slightly differently.

Take regular breaks

An old stalwart when it comes to revision advice, recited since time immemorial – take regular breaks! Don’t take my word for it, scientific research indicates that taking breaks during revision gives the brain a higher chance of remembering what you’ve crammed into it. Try 50 minutes on, 10 minutes off. Do something entirely different for at least a couple of hours in the evening. Watch TV, go for a walk, just generally de-stress, your nerves will appreciate it.

Eat healthy

Eating healthy diet during the exam period is a great way of letting everything else take care of itself, so that you can focus on the task at hand. Lots of fruit and veg will give you the minerals, ions and vitamins you need to stave off nasty germs and maintain other bodily functions – need I say more? Replace chips, biscuits with nuts, salads, fresh juices, healthy sandwiches.

Exercise

Exercise gets the blood flowing. This means more oxygen will reach the brain and help it to function more efficiently. Anything you can do to get the brain working well is surely welcome during the exam period. Plus, it makes for a nice respite from studying.

Turn off the technology

No, not completely, we know you need your computer to revise. But turn off social media while you’re revising. No one needs to see your selfies with your revision notes if you turn Facebook and Twitter and Instagram off, you’ll find you’re a lot more productive.  

Make technology work for you

Yes, we know we’ve just told you to turn it off, but actually, did you know there are some great apps and websites that can help with revision? Like learner’s hub, khans Academy, cbse.nic.in

Get colorful

Making your revision notes colorful will make it slightly more fun. But it will also help you to recall them when you get into the exam, so go out and invest in some highlighters, some post-it notes and some big sheets of paper. Colors help you to recall facts that have been written down because they engage both sides of your brain.

Repeat things

Reading your notes once isn’t really going to help you all that much. Try reading them a few times and repeating the information to yourself. It’s probably best to do this in the privacy of your own home or you can record your notes and listen them time and again.

Step away from the caffeine

It can be really tempting to fuel your revision solely with coffee, tea and energy drinks. But the truth is, caffeine can actually impair your ability to recall information. If you’re struggling for energy during exam season, make sure you take regular breaks and are getting enough sleep at night (about eight hours is normally what the experts recommend).

Use memory techniques

Use mind maps or mnemonics e.g (VIBGYOR  to remember rainbow colours).It improves memory by prioritizing  information. Some students find that listening to music while studying help them  to be more productive, if that’s your case, keep volume slow and play those songs that you don’t find singing along.

Stay positive

Exams are not the end of the world. And they’re not the most important thing you will ever do, though they might feel like it right now. You’ll work a lot better if you can stay calm about it and maintain a positive attitude.   

Do you know that studies show that in a single classroom more than 70% of children will have difficulties with focusing and paying attention? Seven out of ten; that’s an awfully high number.Consider our modern lifestyle and the role it plays in the lifestyle of today’s kids. Kids live in a world that moves at a faster pace than ever. They are exposed to more media images, faster sound bites, and can use multiple media outlets simultaneously. They can text message, type, use video controllers, cell phones, iPods, MP3 players, and Blackberries. They learn faster, adapt better and multiple processes at a rate that no other generation before has ever been able to, or ever had to do.On average, the typical TV program changes cuts (the time that the camera stays on the same focus or viewpoint) every 3-4 seconds. Video games, music videos, cartoons and even movies all move at this break-neck speed. These short sound bites do little to help develop a child’s attention span.So these same kids who live a fast-moving, multiprocessing life are, on a daily basis, put in a classroom where they are expected to sit still and focus on a single thought, person, or image for a long stretch of time. That’s a major downshift for the child.So what can parents and teachers do about this? Spend quiet time with the children, read books, have long discussions uninterrupted by television or the telephone. That old advice to stop and smell the roses still holds true.paying attention is a learned skill, We need to teach our kids how to learn and how to pay attention. Children with true Attention Deficit Disorder cannot pay attention, but most kids today do not suffer from this disorder. Most of our children have not been taught how to pay attention.Below are few tips to develop better concentration abilities.

TAKE HEALTHY DIET

Studies have shown that a diet rich in whole grains, fruits and veggies will help in Child’s brain functions. Stay away from processed foods, saturated fats and sugary food sand   foods that have food artificial colors in them. These foods may increase hyperactivity.

SET ROUTINES 

It’s a great thing to have a routine (time for sleep, chores, homework), a ritual of things to do. Youwill get into a pattern and patterns help children know what is supposed to happen next, making them think less about how to possibly entertain themselves and therefore lose concentration on the present.

CONTROL THE USE OF TELEVISION AND ELECTRONICS

Experts agree that kids under two years old should not watch TV at all and children that are older than two should be only allowed one to two hours a day. The same rules should be applied to older children because  too much TV and electronics can prevent you from doing intellectual and physical activities like, reading, doing homework, playing outside, and interacting with friends and with family.

EXERCISE MORE OFTEN

Both mental and physical exercise are very important toconcentrate better. For mental exercises, try playing board games that stimulate youtothink strategically and focus. Guessing games or even to cook by reading or following recipes. For physical exercise, it has been scientifically proven that children that do at least 30 minutes of exercise per day are more likely to do well in school, focus better and generally be more positive.

ORGANIZE DAILY ACTIVITIES

While this is not always possible, try to plan different activities as often as possible, so that each day you have something to look forward to. One night invest in a piñata, another have family game night. When you know that you have something exciting to look forward to, you will be happier during the day and often participate more in class.

CROSSWORD PUZZLES AND PICTURE PUZZLES

It sounds simple, but these are great tools. Crossword puzzles actually improve attention for words and sequencing ability,  while picture puzzles—in which your have to look for things that are “wrong” in the picture or look for hard-to-find objects—also improve attention and concentration.

COIN GAME

This is one of the games that we use in the Total Focus. ProgramFirst, you will need a small pile of assorted coins, a cardboard sheet to cover them, and a stopwatch (or a regular watch with a second hand.) Choose fifteen of the coins from the pile (for this example, we’ll say three 50 paisa, 25 paisa, 1or 5 Rs coin) and put them into a sequence. Now “Look carefully at the coins arranged on the table.” Then, cover the coins with the cardboard. Start the stopwatch, and  make the same pattern using the coins from the pile.

TRAIN YOUR SENSES LIKE

Listen to a poem and try to recall it word by word, blindfold your eyes and identify things with your sense of touch or smell. Read a paragraphbackward. 

Behavior change takes time so don’t lose your patience slowly and gradually there would be a change in your focus span. Try all tips.

Charanjeet kalra

Memory plays an important part in everybody’s life. All of us wish to have good memory like Elbert Einstein, Newton and Steve Jobs etc. It is the established fact that students with good memories do better.

Here are some proven methods to sharpen your memory. You must use these tips. The Result will be better very soon.

1. Avoid Negativity

Don’t be negative toward life and other people. Be optimistic and have faith in yourself. Too much negativity causes poor confidence and this poor confidence results in poor memory. Always think that you are the best and you have good memory. Positive thinking has a great impact on your memory.;

2. Play Brain Games

This is one of the strongest methods to sharpen your mind/ memory. Play mind games such as Chess, Sudoku etc. Solve puzzles on daily basis. Involve your friends in such games. Tell each other some mobile nos. and then ask them after a few minutes. In the same way Spellings can be tested. Mental games make you stress on your mind. They will help you a lot in having good memory.

3. Do calculation yourself

Don’t take the help of any gadget like calculator/ computer/ mobile for small calculations. Let your mind do some exercise.

4. Do meditation

Get up early in the morning and undergo the meditation in silence for some time daily. It will make you more focused and your concentration shall also increase. You will get great benefit from this activity.

5. Take early morning exercise 

Early morning exercise will help you inhale fresh oxygen. This oxygen helps in building new neurons. 20-30 minutes’ open field exercise is enough.

6. Becool

Be relaxed. Do your best to keep yourself from unnecessary anxieties such as exams, career etc. Involve yourself in various activities such as reading good books, painting, writing, group discussion, learn poems watch good programs on TV etc.

7. Get involved in Recreational activities

All work and no play make Jack a dull boy. This saying is cent percent correct. Involve yourself in some recreational activities such as cycling, mountaineering, sports, watching movies with your family members every weekend etc.

8. Have some religious inclination

It is better to be religious and get involved in religious activity. This activity also makes you positive and keeps you from anxieties of life. Give at least half an hour to such activities from your busy schedule. It shall also help you in having good memory.

9. Self-Practice

Read something and then try to repeat it. For examples you can read some catalogue and then see as to how many items you can repeat. This is a self-test to judge your IQ.

10. Participate in Quiz like activities

Participate in various Quiz Programs and give your best to win them. This will certainly improve your General Knowledge and hence confidence and memory.

11. Take interest in latest technologies 

New technologies are coming on every passing day. Engage yourself with them. Learn to use them. Play video-games, learn to download new applications and use them. Your effort to keep yourself abreast of them will sharpen your mind and memory. You may have seen that those having good tryst with latest technology have sharp memories.

12. Have healthy diets

With positive thinking, healthy diets are also must. Take diets full of proteins and vitamins. Take fruits and green vegetables with lot of salads in your diet. Eat dry fruits such as almonds, walnut etc. if you can afford. 

career in meRchant navy

About the course:

This is the most lucrative career for those who love ships and travelling, and don't wish to hold a 9 to 5 desk job. A career in the merchant navy involves trading in commercial items like live stocks, liquid cargo, general cargo, oil tankers, chemical tankers and the like all over the world via sea-routes.  This also serves as the difference between Merchant Navy and Indian Navy where the latter is engaged in defending the nation with its naval power. Those in the Merchant Navy get the opportunity to explore and get themselves acquainted with different locations, people and their culture. Though the career offers high remunerations, it is a tough job as one has to stay at sea for months at a time. In spite of this, a career in the Merchant Navy is considered to be a highly satisfying one, especially if one is interested in travelling all around the world.

Career Opportunities in Merchant Navy

• Deck Department
• Engine Department
• Architecture Department
• Catering Department

How to Pursue a Career in Merchant Navy

Important Facts

• Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics with 60% aggregate.
• 50% in English are mandatory.
• There are medical standards to be met as well.

Leading Institutes

Top Merchant Navy Institutes in India

Top Merchant Navy Institutes in the World

Merchant Navy Entrance Exams

Undergraduate

Work Description

Merchant Navy officers are hired on various categories of vessels in the commercial shipping industry.
The job of merchant navy officers involves:

• Sailing the ship with the help of variety of satellites and radar networks and apparatus
• Scanning weather and sailing information
• Synchronizing the secure lading, depot and dispatching of freight
• Surveying the ship to ensoure that the health and security measures are in place
• Checking and regulating security, firefighting and life-saving apparatus
• Watching and sustaining all the electrical apparatus on board to ensure the security and efficacy of the ship.
• Dealing with the job of marking and giving training and assisting trainee officers
• Staying abreast of advancements in nautical methods, commercial and governmental matters

PUNJAB AGRICULTURE UNIVERSITY,LUDHIANA

UNDERGRAD PROGRAMS

College of Agriculture

• The students of B.Sc. (Hons) Agriculture 2+4 year programme will study the basic courses of 10+2 (Medical stream) at Institutes of Agriculture (IOA) at Bathinda and Gurdaspur. The students will shift to B.Sc. (Hons) Agriculture programme at PAU, Ludhiana only after clearing all these courses at IOA, Bathinda and Gurdaspur.

• Skratch Dj & ii) The students admitted in B.Sc. (Hons) Agriculture 2+4 year through AAT with 10+2 qualification will not be allowed any exemption of courses of 10+2 standard.

• The shifting of students of B.Sc. (Hons) Agriculture 2+4 year programme will not be allowed from Institute of Agriculture, Gurdaspur to Institute of Agriculture,Bathinda and vice versa.

The first two year of B.Sc. (Hons) Agriculture 2+4 year degree programme will be equivalent to 10+2 (Medical stream) standard of Punjab School Education Board, Mohali. The students after completion of B.Sc. (Hons) Agriculture programme will be issued certificates of 10+2 (equivalent) and B.Sc. (Hons) Agriculture separately.

DIPLOMA COURSES AFTER 10TH AT PAU

College of Horticulture & Forestry

College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology

College of Basic Sciences & Humanities

College of Home Science

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CFa

This is one of the best finance certifications program you should pursue if you’re looking to master financial management and investment. It has three levels that you need to clear and you also need to have 4 years of full-time, relevant experience to get certified. The course is very rigorous and you need to study hard to clear it. The pass rate is lower than any other finance certifications – overall, the pass rate of CFA is less than 20%.

Career/Roles – For availing jobs in asset management, private equity, equity research, investment banking, you should do CFA finance certifications.

CPA-CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANT

If you love accounting (more than finance), this is a certification that is the best of the best. It is authorized by the AICPA (American Institute of Certified Public Accountant). This finacne certification is specifically designed for accountants and tax consultants. CPA certification requires 150 hours of intensive study. And then you need to clear a tough exam. Along with that, you need to get a CPA license.

FRM – Financial Risk Manager

If you want to become a risk analyst in an organization or want to make your mark in risk management, this is the ideal certification for you. you can complete FRM-I and FRM-II in a year (but it’s not that easy). FRM is administered by GARP (The Global Association of Risk Professionals). The pass rate of FRM is around 50%, but every year the percentage changes.

Career/Roles – FRM is one of the finance certifications program that’s niche and only target a specific market. The only con of this finance certification is that the subject material won’t be applicable for all kinds of finance professionals until they’re interested in risk analysis and management.

CFP – Certified Financial Planner

If you want to hire a financial planner or want to be one, you should look out for CFP certification. CFP is not only about just finance, it’s also about understanding one critical element of business and that is client-relationship. To pass the CFP, you need to clear a 7-hour test. If you want to pass CFP, you need to study at least 1000 hours. However, after passing this exam, you can be part of wealth management, retail banking, and private banking careers. This finance certification program is top-notch and it also costs less, only around $2000. The overall pass rate for CFP was 64% in the year 2017.

CIMA - Chartered Institute of Management Accountants

CIMA (Chartered Institute of Management Accountants, UK) is for those who are looking for comprehensive knowledge in management accounting. In fact, it widens the scope of accounting by aligning its curriculum with strategic and risk management which is very useful from a business management point of view.

It is a comprehensive 4-tier certification program divided into certificate and professionals levels. One can earn CIMA Certificate in Business Accounting by completing the basic level and qualify for professional level studies which are further divided into three learning pillars including enterprise, performance and financial knowledge areas. Each of these pillars is further sub-divided into operational, management and strategic levels, resulting in a total of nine knowledge areas covered as part of professional studies.

ACCA - Association of Chartered Certified Accountants

The association of chartered certified accountants is a very competent and a leading accounting global body their qualification gives you recognition as an employee who has the ability in all aspects of the business. The term Chartered Certified Accountant is protected legally as anyone who claims to be a chartered certified accountant has to be a member of ACCA.

• Exams: ACCA consists of in total 14 written examinations in English, along with a business experience that is relevant enough. 4 exams can be taken up in each part which normally takes about 2 to 3 years to clear; however maximum time given to clear ACCA is 10 years.

• Exam Dates: These exams are held twice a year that is in June and in December.

• Eligibility: Registering in different countries has different eligibility criteria’s for this course also the candidate needs to have relevant experience to have this finance certification. Career/Roles – Banker, Consultant, Auditor, taxation and law professionals.

CAIA – Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst

If you’re particularly interested in hedge funds or asset management, this is the ideal finance certification program for you. By doing this certification, you would be able to catapult your career toward hedge fund or asset management industries. The chief subjects that are covered under this finance certification are private equity, hedge funds, ethics, risk management, asset allocation, and structured products. The fees of the certification are geared toward a higher range, i.e. around $3000. The certification is divided into two levels. The pass rate of this certification is quite high, around 70%. CAIA certification would take around 12 to 18 months to complete. Since it’s focused on very niche subjects, the scope of the certification is also limited.

CHFC – Chartered Financial Consultant

If you’re somehow unable to go for CFP certification, you can go for CHFC certification. This certification is a great alternative because it not only covers everything you will learn in CFP, it will also help you specialize. For example, the CFP certification will teach you how to be a financial planner in a generic sense. ChFC certification will help you specialize in financial planning e.g. financial planning for small businesses or financial planning for divorce. This is though not very popular finance certifications, but it is one of the game-changer in financial planning. It is administered by the American College of Financial Services. If you want to specialize in financial planning, you need to study four months under this certification and clear the exam.

Career / Roles – Financial Planner, Wealth Management.

CMA – Certified Management Accountant

If you want to get into management accounting, you won’t get any better certification than this. This is one of the most sought-after finance certifications & accounting. After passing out from CMA, you will get more opportunities on the corporate side. Finance certifications program are authorized by Institute of Management Accountants (IMA). The whole course is divided into two parts. And as a whole, you need to sit for 11 financial competency tests. In simple words, this certification will give you a strategic advantage in the field of management and accounting. As per the study, a CMA earns 47% more in the US than any other professional. If a lucrative career and financial gains seem like a good idea, you should go for CMA certification.

Career / Roles – Management Accountant, Accounting.

CMFC – Chartered Mutual Fund Counselor

If you want to multiply your money, you would like to invest in mutual funds. And for that, you need someone who is specialized in mutual funds. If your mutual fund advisor has done CMFC certification, then be assured that you’re in good hands. Or else, if you want to do a finance certification program in a mutual fund, look no further than chartered mutual fund counselor certification. This is a short course of 10 weeks. And you need to pass the exam after the course. This course is administered by the College for Financial Planning. This course includes the project work regarding mutual fund industry and related to other products of investment.

Career/ Roles – Wealth management, Mutual Fund Advisor.

Dear Friends

Plastics are used widely everywhere in our life and without plastic, modern civilization would indeed look very diverse. This study focuses on the toxic effects of plastic on human health and environment and possible consequences of health risk assessment in Bangladesh. Plastics are essential materials in modern civilization, and many products manufactured from plastics and in numerous cases, they promote risks to human health and the environment. Plastics are contained many chemical and hazardous substances such as Bisphenol A (BPA), thalates, antiminitroxide, brominated flame retardants, and poly- fluorinated chemicals etc. which are a serious risk factor for human health and environment. Plastics are being used by Bangladeshi people without knowing the toxic effects of plastic on human health and environment. Different human health problems like irritation in the eye, vision failure, breathing difficulties, respiratory problems, liver dysfunction, cancers, skin diseases, lungs problems, headache, dizziness, birth effect, reproductive, cardiovascular, genotoxic, and gastrointestinal causes for using toxic plastics. Plastics occur serious environment pollution such as soil pollution, water pollution, and air pollution. Application of proper rules and regulations for the production and use of plastics can reduce toxic effects of plastics on human health and environment.

Plastic pollution is one of the most important environmental problems that we face today. It impacts the environment and our health and wellbeing. We have all contributed to this problem  mostly unknowingly and we must work to reduce and ultimately to End Plastic Pollution. 

How we can contribute our bit…….   

• Start using a glass or stainless steel water bottle in place of disposable plastic water bottles ( this is my favorite). Even better, fill your water bottle from a  re-usable stainless steel water filter that will also help reduce chemical exposure from water.
• Switch to reusable grocery bags instead of plastic or paper bags. These are widely available at many stores or you can  make your own from old t-shirts. Bring  lightweight mesh bags to the store to use for produce.
• Stop buying processed foods that are packaged in plastics. This is a huge step for your health on its own, but it will also reduce the amount of plastic waste we produce each year. Shop at farmers markets and use reusable bags. If it is in a plastic bag or a box, just don’t buy it.
• Replace plastic bags and plastic food storage containers with safer reusable options. Plastic bags, plastic wrap and thin plastic storage containers are major sources of plastic exposure. Switch to glass or stainless steel for storage, or use an unbreakable option like silicon. I like this  silicon storage available here (use the code WMX10 to get 10% off). You can even  make your own reusable snack bags.
• Buy wooden or metal toys for children instead of plastic. (They last longer too!)
• Bring your own glass/metal bottle or thermos when buying drinks away from home. Don’t get takeout food in Styrofoam containers which are a major source of plastic chemicals and waste.
• Consider using cloth diapers instead of disposable. 
• Use glass and metal dishes, silverware and bake ware  in place of plastic.
• Don’t use Styrofoam for projects or models.
• Recycle whatever you can!

                Please watch video on Youtube

               https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1P9syq3f6hQ

career in Entrepreneurship

About the course:

Entrepreneurship involves designing of business idea followed by launching and running a new business. Typically, it begins as a small business, such as a startup company. The business can involve offering a product, process or service for sale. The owners of such a venture are referred as ‘entrepreneurs’. Given the pace of development in the country, positive political environment and the myriad of opportunities; draw of youth to entrepreneurship has become rather magnetic. Life of an entrepreneur is extremely challenging. One needs to be hard-working, persistent, networked, smart, creative, willing to take risks and extremely good at managing relations.

There are no specific educational requirements for becoming an entrepreneur but strong educational background and work experience makes the probability of success slightly higher.

How to Become an Entrepreneur

Leading Institutes in India

Top Institutes in the world 

The School organized a Career Guidance Session for Class X parents. School Principal Dr. Vandna Shahi emphasized aligning careers with individual interests, systematic exam preparation and parental support.

The School Counsellor Ms. Charanneet Kalra highlighted self-awareness, evolving career ttrend and interdisciplinary courses like liberal studies. She stressed emotional resilience, decision-making skills and blending creativity with academics.

The session provided valuable insights into emerging career opportunities, empowering parents and students to make informed choices. It was interactive, informative and well-received, marking a significant step toward career awareness and planning.

Its Festive time.'Festival of Exam' where we celebrate outcome of our knowledge ,skill, hardwork and experience. At the same time its time of Exam stress. Just small change in our attitude we can make a huge difference. Lets find ways to tame this monster called Exam stress.

A thought-provoking session on cyber safety and security for girls of class XI, was led by senior IT advisor Ms. Archana Malhotra. In a technologically driven world, the seminar sought to raise awareness of responsible digital citizenship. Ms. Malhotra emphasised the difficulties that the present generation of ‘digital natives ‘who are heavily reliant on technology, confront. Growing concerns about screen time and its effects on mental and physical health were highlighted. The discussion focused on the growing risks that women face online and covered a range of cyberthreats, including malware, phishing, cyberbullying, and privacy violations. Students should use strong passwords, protect their privacy, and remain vigilant when using the internet, according to Ms. Malhotra's practical advice.

In an engaging session with Class X students, the school Principal highlighted the importance of discipline in attaining academic success. She advised students to maintain consistency in their preparation and to remain focused as the board exams draw near. To prevent burnout, she advised making a balanced schedule that
incorporates both study and leisure time. She emphasised the value of self-control and urged students to take charge of their education. She reassured them that they could confidently overcome obstacles and accomplish their goals if they have a regular routine and a positive outlook. Her inspirational remarks encouraged students to remain committed and do well in their tests.

Supply Chain Management

Supply Chain is used to meet the customer demand of product or service there is a chain of processes involved right from the procedures end like Sourcing, Distribution, Warehouse, inventories etc and managing those processes effectively, and efficiently can be called as Supply Chain Management. It seems to be very gainful which has a big potential in India and companies looking to hire SCM professionals as they are the ones who will drive the business in the future. It  is all about planning, procuring, handling, managing, engineering and enabling the goods and services that are essential for the nation. They are purchasers and transportation planners and bring warehouses and distributors settings to live. They conceive, design and deliver all the items like food, water, goods to customers on time, and in perfect condition. During the job, they face different challenges every day. The sector is continuously   shifting and evolving with changing needs of people and technology. Hence, there is diverse in the careers in supply change management.

      Career Opportunities 

• E-commerce sector
• Auto motive sector and Manufacturing sector
• Aerospace and Defence sector
• Consumer product and retail sector
• Healthcare sector?

      Qualification Required

Graduate with any stream with diploma in Supply Chain Management.

Jasleen Kaur, an alumna of 2022-2023 conducted a mentorship session Flight Path in the school basement hall for the students of class XII to enlighten them about the Aerospace Engineering. 
Sharing her inspiring journey with current students, she highlighted the importance of having a clear aim in life and  determination to achieve it. Besides she acquainted them with the  criteria for admission in top universities.
She guided her juniors that Aerospace Engineering is a challenging field but with passion and perseverance, one can achieve greatness. The session was concluded by presenting a token of love to the distinguished alumna. Dr. Vandna Shahi, the Principal appreciated Ms Jasleen for her willingness to share her experiences with the  students. She expected that her guidance on having an aim in life, determination, and admission criteria will surely inspire our students to strive for excellence."
 

Bachelor of Homeopathic Medical & Surgery (BHMS)

DURATION: 5.5 years

The Homeopathic Education in India is presently regulated by the National Institute of Homeopathy.

About the course:

Homeopathy is a holistic system of medicine, in which the patient is treated as a whole taking into account the role of body, mind and spirit. Homoeopathy believes in the concept of vital force, whichwhen becomes disturbed through disharmonious living and thinking, a manifestation of symptoms takesplace which we call disease. In homeopathy the doctor treats the patient by taking into thought his constitution, his mental makeup,desires and dislikes, eating habits, reaction to hot and cold climate, sleep, dreams, past and familyhistory of chronic diseases. Homoeopathic medicines are usually free from any side effects. The course is of five and a half year’s duration consisting of one year compulsory internship in Homoeopathy.

Specialization:

BHMS students can opt for most of the specializations available for MBBS, i.e., Gynaecology, Paediatricsetc. Apart from these there specializations in the homeopathic field as well in subjects such as materia(deals with the drugs), organon (deals with principles of homeopathy), repertory (deals with the list ofdrugs) and medica.

Eligibility:

Students desirous of BHMS (Bachelor of Homoeopathic Medicine & Surgery) should have Higher Secondary or equivalent qualification (10 + 2) with English, Physics, Chemistry and Biology as well as attained the age of 17 years on or before 31st December of the year of his admission to the first year ofthe course.

Professional Courses

Basically there are two types of courses available in Homeopathy namely Diploma in Homoeopathic Medicine & Surgery (DHMS) of 4 years duration, including 1-year of Internship and Bachelor of Homoeopathic Medicine & Surgery (BHMS) of 4 ½ Years + 1 year Internship. The Central Council of Homoeopathy, a statutory body under Government of India, is the apex body taking care of education,training and other matters related with Homoeopathy. All the courses must be recognized byHomoeopathy Central Council Act 1973. At present there are around 200 institutions in the countryoffering degree and diploma courses in Homoeopathy Post Graduate Education in Homoeopathy wasintroduced in 1989 and M.D. (Hom.) is offered in seven different subjects namely MateriaMedica,Organon of Medicine with Homoeopathic Philosophy, Repertory, Pediatrics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Pharmacy. About 15 institutions have been permitted by the Central Council, India to start Post Graduate Course in Homoeopathy.Vinayaka Missions University, Salem offers three-year MD (Doctor ofMedicine in Homoeopathy) with specialization in Practice of Medicine, Paediatrics, Psychiatry,HomoeopathicMateriaMedica, Organon of Medicine and Homoeopathic Philosophy, Repertory andHomoeopathic Pharmacy. Government Homoeopathic Medical College at Thiruvananthapuram andKozhikode offer M.D. (Hom) in Materia,Medica, Homoeopathic Philosophy, Repertory, Practice ofMedicine and Pharmacy. The eligibility criterion for M.D. is BHMS degree or its equivalent as declared bythe Central Council of Homoeopathy.

Colleges, Institutes and Universities

• Ahmedabad Homoeopathic Medical College, Ghuma-Bhopal Road, Ghuma, Ahmedabad.

• Assam Govt. Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, P.O. Haibergaon, Dist. Nagaon-782. 002 Assam

• Bakson Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital, 36-B, Knowledge Park, Phase-I, Greater Noida (U.P.) - 201306

• Baroda Homoeopathic Medical College, Sailja Complex, Near R.C. Patel Estate, Akota Road,Vadodara-20.

• Bengal Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Ismile, P.O. Asansol-713 301, Dist.Burdwan.

• BhartiVidyapeeth's Homoeopathic Medical College, Dhankawadi, Katraj, Pune-411043.

• Cuttack Homoeopathic Medical College, Naya Bazar Cuttack.

• D.N.De.Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, 12, G.K. Road, Kolkata -700 046.

• Dhanvantari Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital & Research Centre, Dhanvantari

• District Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, 478, Katju Nagar, Ratlam, MP

• Dr. MadanPratapKhuteta Rajasthan Homoeopathic Medical College, Station road, Vanasthali Marg, Jaipur-302006

• Dr.B.R.Sur Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Near NanakpuraGurudwara (RingRoad), MotiBagh-II, New Delhi-110 021.

• Dr.D.Y.Patil Homoeopathic Medical College, Pimpri, Dist.Pune.

• Fr.Muller's Homoeopathic Medical College, Kankanady, Mangalore-575 002

• Govt. Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, 191, Zone-I,M.P. Nagar, Bhopal-462 001.

• Govt. Homoeopathic Medical College, Ravindra Nagar Post, Cuddapah-516 003.A.P.

• Govt. Homoeopathic Medical College, Irnamuttam, P.O. Manacaud, Thiruvananthapura

• Govt.Homoeopathic Medical College, No. 1178, 22 'B' Cross, Magadi Main Road, Bangalore-560040.

• Govt.Homoeopathic Medical College, Karaparamba, Calicut, (Kozhikode)61

• Gujarat Homoeopathic Medical College, At & P.O. Savli-391 770, Dist. Vadodara.5

In a recent interactive session, the School Principal , Dr. Vandna Shahi, engaged with the school's Middle Wing Future Leaders, providing them with invaluable guidance. Dr. Shahi emphasized the importance of self-awareness and maintaining focus on their goals. She highlighted the necessity of developing strong communication skills, underpinned by confidence, as essential traits for effective leadership. Dr. Shahi also stressed the significance of staying informed about global events by reading newspapers regularly. She encouraged students to be aware of the world around them, fostering a well-rounded perspective. Her insights aimed at preparing the students to be 21st-century - ready leaders, capable of navigating the complexities of a dynamic world.
The session was highly impactful, inspiring and motivating the young leaders to excel in their endeavors. Her words set a clear path for them, ensuring they contribute meaningfully to society and become the leaders of tomorrow.

ASPIRE TO JOIN INDIAN DEFENCE SERVICES

The National Defence Academy (NDA) is the Joint Services academy of the Indian Armed Forces, where cadets of the three services, the Army, the Navy and the Air Force train together before they go on to pre-commissioning training in their respective service academies. The NDA is located at Khadakwasla near Pune, Maharashtra. It is the first tri-service academy in the world. To join National Defence Academy a candidate must appear in the entrance exam conducted by Union Public Service Commission, New Delhi, twice a year.i.e NDA-I, NDA-II.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA

(i) For Army Wing of National Defence Academy:12th Class pass of the 10+2 pattern of School Education or equivalent examination conducted by a State Education Board or a University

(ii) For Air Force and Naval Wings of National Defence Academy and for the 10+2 Cadet Entry Scheme at the Indian Naval Academy: 12th Class pass of the 10+2 pattern of School Education or equivalent with Physics and Mathematics conducted by a State Education Board or a University

Candidates who are appearing in the 12th Class under the 10+2 pattern of School Education or equivalent examination can also apply for this examination

NOTE 1: Candidates appearing in the 11th class exam are not eligible for this examination

NOTE 2: Those candidates who have yet to qualify in the 12th class or equivalent examination and are allowed to appear in the UPSC Examination should note that this is only a special concession given to them .

Academics

The NDA offers only a full-time, residential undergraduate programme. Cadets are awarded a Baccalaureate degree (a Bachelor of Arts or a Bachelor of Science after 3 years of study. Cadets have a choice of two streams of study. The Science stream offers studies in Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Computer Science. The Humanities (Liberal Arts) stream offers studies in History, Economics, Political Science, Geography and Languages.

In both streams, academic studies are split into three categories.

• In the Compulsory Course, cadets study English, Foreign Languages (Arabic, Chinese, French or Russian), Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Computer Science, History, Political Science, Economics and Geography.Note that all cadets must take basic classes in all these subjects except Foreign Languages. Cadets then take advanced classes depending on their chosen stream.

• The Foundation Course is mandatory and comprises Military Studies and General Studies. Subjects such as Military History, Military Geography, Weapons systems and Armaments, etc. are covered in Military Studies. Subjects such as Geopolitics, Human Rights, Laws of Armed Conflict and Environmental Sciences are covered in General Studies.

• The Optional Course focuses on subjects specific to the cadet's chosen Service.

Cadets spend the first four semesters on the Compulsory Course and the Foundation Course. They take the Optional Course during the fifth and sixth semesters. They may transfer to other Service academies for the optional courses.

Training

Training Pattern

All the cadets joining the NDA after their 10+2 Examination are trained in the Academy for three years culminating in graduation with BA/BSc or BCs (Computer Science) degree of Jawaharlal Nehru University. Apart from academic training they are also trained in outdoor skills, like Drill, PT and games; apart from one of the foreign languages up to the lower B1 level (according to the international standards). The emphasis in NDA is on character building, esprit-de-corps, mental and physical robustness, leadership and a sense of keen observation.

NDA has an excellent infrastructure for all-round training of cadets and a vast array of facilities like spacious and well-maintained classrooms, well-equipped labs, two Olympic size swimming pools, a gymnasium, 32 football fields, 2 polo grounds, a cricket stadium and a number of squash and tennis courts. The academic year is divided into two terms, viz. Spring (Jan. to May) and Autumn (July to Dec.). A cadet must undergo training for a total of six terms before graduating from the NDA.

Useful Links

o www.upsc.gov.in

o nda.nic.in

o joinindianarmy.com

Career in Music: Become a DJ or Sound Producer in India

To make your mark in the highly competitive music field, be sure that you have the passion and spark to turn music into a successful career. The income you will make will be entirely dependent on your skill and dedication to the work.

Who are DJs and Sound Producers?

The term DJ began as a short form of disc jockey and refers to those persons who play recorded music (or discs) professionally at events such as parties and clubs. A sound producer, on the other hand, is a person who records music, with or without singers, in a professional studio, producing sound which can then be played later on.

Both roles involve creativity, if you are a DJ you would be mixing and combining music in a creative manner, while as a sound producer you can combine a variety of sounds for your finished product.

What are the Differences Between a DJ and a Sound Producer?

The major difference between becoming a DJ and being a sound producer, apart from the creative expression, is the audience. If you become a DJ, you will need to tailor your music and performance based on the audience and their needs. As a DJ, whether you perform at gigs or in clubs, you would be required to play music that suits the needs of the concerned hiring party, for example, whether they want background music or dance music. Each category of music further has numerous styles, ranging from club music to Indian styles for dance, or jazz and blues for lounges.

If you are a DJ, you would need to have a thorough knowledge of the various music genres and be able to understand the mood of the audience so that you can create a popular vibe and keep them interested.

In comparison, a sound producer develops and arranges for music over a period of time, and does not perform directly in front of an audience. As a sound producer, you would be involved in the recording of music and in the arrangement of the different components required, such as musical instruments, sound effects and/or singers. Sound producers are also known as sound engineers, sound technicians, audio engineers, and recording engineers.

However, if you are interested in both the roles, you can become a DJ and sound producer. Despite their differences, the work of a DJ and a sound producer complement each other. As a DJ, you can play music that you have produced, thereby both promoting your work and getting live feedback. Also, by working as a DJ you will have a better understanding of your target audience, which will help you when you produce music.

How to Become a DJ/Sound Producer in India

The main criterion to become a DJ/Sound producer is to have a passion for music. To learn the specialised skills for working as a DJ, there are a variety of short-term courses available, which you can pursue directly after Class 12 or after completing your graduation in any field. To become a sound engineer, there are several institutes which offer diploma and degree level courses.

Institutes offering courses to become a DJ include

• Global DJ Academy (Mumbai, Thane)

• Skratch Dj & Music Production Academy (Delhi, Chandigarh, Nagpur)

• Spin Gurus (New Delhi)

• PartyMap (Mumbai, Delhi, Pune, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Ahmedabad, Surat)

• Electronyk Academy (New Delhi)

• I Love Music Academy (Gurgaon)

Institutes offering courses to become a sound producer/sound engineer include:

• National Institute of Film and Fine Arts NIFFA (Kolkata)

• Government Film & Television Institute (Bangalore)

• Film and Television Institute of India (Pune)

• Department of Music, University of Mumbai

• Seamedu School of Pro-Expressionism (Pune)

• Mumbai Music Institute – [MMI]

• Crypto Cipher Academy (Delhi)